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Test Bank for Basic and Applied Concepts of Blood Banking and Transfusion Practices 4th Edition by Howard

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By: Howard

Edition: 4th Edition

Format: Downloadable ZIP Fille

Resource Type: Test bank

Duration: Unlimited downloads

Delivery: Instant Download

Test Bank for Basic and Applied Concepts of Blood Banking and Transfusion Practices 4th Edition by Howard

MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Select the cell involved in humoral immunity.
a. Neutrophils
b. T lymphocytes
c. B lymphocytes
d. Monocytes
ANS: C
B lymphocytes have the ability to transform into plasma cells to produce antibodies, which is
considered a humoral response.
DIF: Level 2 REF: p. 2
2. Opsonization is a term to describe what process?
a. Lysis of cells
b. Binding to cells or antigens
c. Ingestion of cells
d. Phagocytosis
ANS: B
Opsonization promotes phagocytosis by binding to cells or antigens.
DIF: Level 1 REF: p. 14
3. Select the term that is associated with the B-cell response to antigens.
a. Humoral immunity
b. Cellular immunity
c. Innate immunity
d. Nonspecific immunity
ANS: A
B cells produce antibody, a humoral response.
DIF: Level 2 REF: p. 2
4. Select the substance that regulates the activity of other cells by binding to specific receptors.
a. Cytokines
b. Complement
c. Immunoglobulins
d. Anaphylatoxin
ANS: A
Cytokines are proteins secreted by cells that regulate the activity of other cells by binding to
specific receptors.
DIF: Level 1 REF: p. 2

5. Which of the following is responsible for the activation of the classic pathway of
complement?
a. Bacteria
b. Foreign proteins
c. Virus
d. Antibody bound to antigen
ANS: D
An antigen-antibody complex activates the classical complement cascade, whereas bacterial
membranes activate the alternative pathway.
DIF: Level 1 REF: p. 13
6. The major histocompatibility complex is located on chromosome 6 and is important in all the
following immune functions except:
a. recognition of nonself.
b. graft rejection.
c. hemolysis.
d. coordination of cellular and humoral immunity.
ANS: C
The major histocompatibility complex codes for molecules on all nucleated tissues and cells
to allow for immune recognition and response to foreign antigens.
DIF: Level 2 REF: p. 19
7. A poor response to platelet transfusion that can be caused by antibodies to human leukocyte
antigens is known as:
a. nonresponders.
b. refractoriness.
c. immune activation.
d. responders.
ANS: B
Blood components that contain leukocytes can increase the immune response to human
leukocyte antigens, which may decrease the effectiveness of platelet transfusion, known as
refractoriness.
DIF: Level 2 REF: p. 19
8. In a lymphocytotoxicity test, cells that take on the dye:
a. do not recognize a human leukocyte antigen.
b. recognize a red cell antibody.
c. are not affected by complement.
d. are recognized by a specific antibody.
ANS: D
A specific antigen-antibody complex in the lymphocytotoxicity test is detected by membrane
damage, which allows the cells to become permeable to dye.
DIF: Level 2 REF: p. 21

9. In a serologic test, the term prozone is also known as:
a. equivalence.
b. antigen excess.
c. antibody excess.
d. serum-to-cell ratio.
ANS: C
Antibody excess is termed prozone, often leading to a false-negative reaction.
DIF: Level 1 REF: p. 17
10. What is the potential effect in a tube agglutination test if a red cell suspension with a
concentration greater than 5% is used?
a. False negatives
b. False positives
c. Hemolysis
d. No effect
ANS: A
Antigen excess is termed postzone and will lessen the reaction, causing a false negative.
DIF: Level 3 REF: p. 17
11. After adding antigen and antibody to a test tube, one large agglutinate was observed. How
should this reaction be graded?
a. 2+
b. 3+
c. 4+
d. 0
ANS: C
One large agglutinate is graded a 4+ reaction.
DIF: Level 2 REF: p. 18
12. Select the portion of the antibody molecule that imparts the antibody’s unique class function.
a. Constant region of the heavy chain
b. Constant region of the light chain
c. Variable region of the heavy chain
d. Variable region of the light chain
ANS: A
The heavy-chain constant region has the function of the class.
DIF: Level 1 REF: p. 4
13. What portion of the antibody molecule binds to receptors on macrophages and assists in the
removal of antibody bound to red cells?
a. Fab fragment
b. Hinge region
c. Fc fragment
d. J chain

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