| Content | Test Bank Pharmacology for the Surgical Technologist, 4th Edition by Katherine Snyder
Chapter 01: Basic Pharmacology
MULTIPLE CHOICE
- A drug that binds to a receptor and stimulates its function is said to be a(n) drug.
- agonist
- antagonist
- idiosyncratic
- pharmacokinetic
ANS: A
Agonist drugs bind to or have an affinity (attraction) for a receptor and cause a particular response.
DIF: 1 REF: 14 TOP: AST Core Curriculum X:B:1:b, agonist
- Which one of the following is not used for the classification of drugs?
- Therapeutic action
- Physiologic action
- Affected body system
- Source of origin
ANS: D
Drugs are classified by what they do, what they affect, what they are not, and where they come from.
DIF: 1 REF: 4 TOP: AST Core Curriculum X:B:2, therapeutic actions
- An anticoagulant drug is classified by its
- chemical type.
- source of origin.
- physiologic action.
- therapeutic action.
ANS: D
Therapeutic action describes what the drug does for a patient; in this example, it works against coagulation.
DIF: 1 REF: 4 TOP: AST Core Curriculum X:B:2:a, indications
- Prescriptions must include all of the following information except
- the name of the drug.
- patient’s social security number.
- drug dosage.
- route of administration of the drug.
ANS: B
Prescriptions must include the date, name of the patient, name of the drug, dosage, route of administration, and frequency or time of administration. The patient’s social security number will be in the chart but not on a prescription.
DIF: 1 REF: 5
TOP: AST Core Curriculum XI: B:2, prescription medications
- An order for a drug to be given as needed is called an order.
- standing
- oral
- stat
- PRN
ANS: D
PRN stands for pro re nata, which means that the drug may be given as needed.
DIF: 1 REF: 5 TOP: AST Core Curriculum XI:D:3:d, PRN
- What does the abbreviation so mean on a prescription?
- One half
- Once, if necessary
- Without
- As desired
ANS: B
sos means once, if necessary (see Table 1-3).
DIF: 1 REF: 5
TOP: AST Core Curriculum XI:B:2, prescription medications
- How is an order for a drug to be taken every 4 hours indicated on a prescription?
- q4h
- qid
- qod
- qs
ANS: A
The q means every; the actual number of hours is inserted before the h, which means hours.
DIF: 3 REF: 7
TOP: AST Core Curriculum XI:B:2, prescription medications
- How is an order for a drug to be given three times a day indicated on a prescription?
- q3h
- hs
- qh
- tid
ANS: D
tid means three times a day (see Table 1-4).
DIF: 1 REF: 7
TOP: AST Core Curriculum XI:B:2, prescription medications
- Which form of drug preparation tends to act more quickly?
- Solid
- Semisolid
- Liquid
- Gas
ANS: D
Absorption of drugs given by inhalation is rapid, especially gases such as inhalation anesthetics, because of the huge numbers of capillaries in the alveoli of the lungs.
DIF: 2 REF: 7 TOP: AST Core Curriculum XI:G:1, gas
- Which one of the following abbreviations indicates an ointment form of a given drug?
- gtts
- ung
- susp
- soln
ANS: B
ung means ointment.
DIF: 1 REF: 8 TOP: AST Core Curriculum XI:G:4, semisolid
- Which one of the following abbreviations indicates that a drug is to be given orally?
- IM
- PO
- IV
- SC
ANS: B
PO means per os or by mouth.
DIF: 1 REF: 9 TOP: AST Core Curriculum XI:H:4, PO
- How is a medication administered by any route except the mouth?
- Systemically
- Sublingually
- Parenterally
- Subcutaneously
ANS: C
The term parenteral indicates any route other than the digestive tract.
DIF: 3 REF: 9 TOP: AST Core Curriculum XI:H:1, injection/parenteral
- Which one of the following terms is the study of the four basic processes of absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion in response to drugs?
- Pharmacokinetics
- Pharmacodynamics
- Biotransformation
- Sympathomimetics
ANS: A
The study of pharmacokinetics focuses on how the body processes drugs.
DIF: 1 REF: 11 TOP: AST Core Curriculum X:A:2, pharmacokinetics
- Distribution of drugs within the body is carried out through which one of the following body systems?
- Respiratory
- Circulatory
- Integumentary
- Urinary
ANS: B
Once a drug has been absorbed into the bloodstream, it is transported throughout the body by the circulatory system. Drug molecules eventually diffuse out of the bloodstream to the site of action in the process called distribution.
DIF: 2 REF: 12 TOP: AST Core Curriculum X:A:2:b, distribution
- The time between the administration of a drug and the first appearance of its effects is called
- peak effect.
- onset.
- duration.
- reaction time.
ANS: B
The time between the administration of a drug and the first appearance of effects is called the onset.
DIF: 1 REF: 15 TOP: AST Core Curriculum X:A:3:a, onset
- Which group of drugs is known as receptor blockers?
- Antagonists
- Agonists
- Antipyretics
- Analgesics
ANS: A
Drugs that bind to a receptor and prevent a response are called antagonists (Fig. 1-11). Antagonists are also called receptor blockers.
DIF: 2 REF: 14 TOP: AST Core Curriculum X:B:1:c, antagonist
- An expected but unintended effect of a drug is termed a(n) effect.
- idiosyncratic
- adverse
- synergic
- side
ANS: D
| McCuistion: Pharmacology: A Patient-Centered Nursing Process Approach, 9th Edition
Chapter 04: Complementary and Alternative Therapies
MULTIPLE CHOICE
- A family member expresses concern that a patient is taking several herbal remedies and worries that they may be unsafe. The nurse will respond by saying that herbs
| a. |
are classified as medications by the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994. |
| b. |
are regulated by the government and are determined to be safe. |
| c. |
aren’t usually effective but are generally harmless. |
| d. |
should be discussed with the patient’s provider in conjunction with other medications. |
ANS: D
Herbs are sometimes useful but can also be useless or dangerous. There are two types of monographs under development to compile information about these substances, but there are no agencies that regulate safety and efficacy. Patients should always tell providers if they are taking any herbal remedies since there are known drug–herbal interactions and side effects.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 41
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention: Patient Teaching
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
- A pregnant woman tells the nurse that she is taking ginger to reduce morning sickness. What will the nurse tell this patient?
| a. |
“Ginger can cause fetal birth defects.” |
| b. |
“Ginger is not safe during pregnancy.” |
| c. |
“Ginger can cause abortion in low doses.” |
| d. |
“Ginger may be taken in low doses for up to 4 days.” |
ANS: D
Ginger may be taken during pregnancy for morning sickness, but only on a short-term, low-dose basis. There is no indication that it causes fetal birth defects. Ginger is an abortifacient in large amounts.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 39
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention: Patient Teaching
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
- A patient asks the nurse about a herbal supplement and reports that it has a United States Pharmacopeia (USP) seal of approval. The nurse explains that this indicates
| a. |
identity, potency, purity, and labeling accuracy. |
| b. |
premarket testing for safety and efficacy. |
| c. |
structure and function claims may be made. |
| d. |
the supplement’s ability to prevent and treat disease. |
ANS: A
The USP “seal of approval” is a fee-based test and reports on identity, potency, purity, and labeling accuracy. It does not indicate premarket research on safety and accuracy, does not allow manufacturers to make claims about the function of the products, and does not indicate the substance’s ability to prevent and treat disease.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 38
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention: Patient Teaching
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
- A woman reports using ginseng to treat menopausal symptoms. Which response by the nurse is correct?
| a. |
“Ginseng will inhibit your immune system.” |
| b. |
“Please tell me if you are taking diabetic medications.” |
| c. |
“Side effects of ginseng are common.” |
| d. |
“You may experience a decrease in blood pressure while taking ginseng.” |
ANS: B
Diabetic patients taking ginseng should consult with their provider if used in conjunction with other herbs or drugs, because hypoglycemia may result. It may boost the immune system. Side effects are rare except with long-term use or in large doses. Ginseng can increase blood pressure.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 40
TOP: Nursing Process: Assessment/Nursing Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
- A woman who is experiencing symptoms of heart failure asks the nurse about using hawthorn. Which response by the nurse is correct?
| a. |
“Hawthorn may be used long term in conjunction with nitrates.” |
| b. |
“Hawthorn may contribute to hypertension.” |
| c. |
“Hawthorn may interact with antihypertensive drugs.” |
| d. |
“Hawthorn treats heart failure by lowering potassium levels.” |
ANS: C
Hawthorn may increase the action of antihypertensive medications. Its efficacy is not conclusive and it may interact with nitrates. It may decrease blood pressure. There is no evidence that hawthorn lowers potassium levels.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 40
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention: Patient Teaching
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Reduction of Risk Potential
- A patient who has HIV asks the nurse about taking Echinacea to improve immune function. What will the nurse tell this patient?
| a. |
“The root extract is useful for treating upper respiratory and urinary tract infections.” |
| b. |
“Research regarding the benefits of Echinacea is inconclusive.” |
| c. |
“Use it as needed when antibiotics fail to treat your infections.” |
| d. |
“You may use it safely up to 8 weeks at a time as a preventive medication.” |
ANS: B
Research regarding the benefits of Echinacea as treatment for cold and flu symptoms is inconclusive. The use of Echinacea to stimulate the immune system of patients with HIV is being investigated, but its use is currently not recommended.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 39
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention: Patient Teaching
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
- The nurse is counseling a female patient who reports taking ginger to treat postoperative nausea. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
| a. |
“I should experience immediate effects with this herb.” |
| b. |
“The benefits of taking ginger for postoperative nausea have not been proven.” |
| c. |
“I should take ginger with nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) to enhance its effects.” |
| d. |
“If I develop gastrointestinal (GI) upset, I should stop taking ginger immediately.” |
ANS: B
The benefits of taking ginger for postoperative nausea have not been proven, as they have been used short-term for the treatment of nausea associated with pregnancy. Patients may not experience immediate effects. Patients should not take ginger with NSAIDs without consulting the provider. GI upset (gas, bloating, heartburn) are common side effects of the herb.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 39
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention: Patient Teaching
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
- The nurse is providing preoperative education to a patient who will have surgery in several weeks. The patient denies taking anticoagulant medications but reports using herbal supplements. Which herb would cause the nurse to be concerned?
| a. |
Echinacea |
| b. |
Ginkgo biloba |
| c. |
Kava |
| d. |
Sage |
ANS: B
Ginkgo can prolong bleeding time and therefore should be discontinued 2 weeks prior to surgery.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 40
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention: Patient Teaching
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
- The nurse provides counseling to a patient who reports taking licorice root to treat a stomach ulcer. Which statement by the patient indicates understanding of the teaching?
| a. |
“I may take licorice root with prednisone.” |
| b. |
“I may develop hypotension while taking licorice root.” |
| c. |
“I should avoid licorice root when pregnant.” |
| d. |
“I should try licorice instead of coming back to see the provider.” |
ANS: C
In large amounts, licorice root has been associated with preterm labor and should be avoided in women who are pregnant. Licorice root when taken with corticosteroids can lead to life-threatening hypokalemia. In large amounts, it can elevate blood pressure. The benefits of licorice in the treatment of any condition have not been proven, and the client should see the provider rather than turn to the herbal medication.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 40
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention: Patient Teaching
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
- The spouse of a patient who is an alcoholic asks the nurse about dietary supplements that may help prevent liver disease. Which herb will the nurse suggest the patient discuss with a provider who has prescriptive authority?
| a. |
Ginkgo biloba |
| b. |
Kava |
| c. |
Milk thistle |
| d. |
Sage |
ANS: C
Milk thistle can prevent damage to liver cells and stimulates regeneration of liver cells.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Understanding (Comprehension) REF: p. 40
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
- A patient reports taking St. John’s wort to treat symptoms of depression and asks the nurse how to use this product safely and effectively. Which response by the nurse is correct?
| a. |
“Apply sunscreen while taking St. John’s wort.” |
| b. |
“It is safe to take St. John’s wort with prescription antidepressants.” |
| c. |
“St. John’s wort does not affect nutrition.” |
| d. |
“You should take St. John’s wort as needed when symptoms occur.” |
ANS: A
St. John’s wort can cause photosensitivity, so patients should be counseled to use sunscreen. It should not be taken with prescription antidepressants because it increases the risk of suicidal ideation. It interferes with the absorption of iron and other minerals. Effects do not occur for 4 to 8 weeks, so it cannot be taken as needed.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Applying (Application) REF: p. 40
TOP: Nursing Process: Nursing Intervention: Patient Teaching
MSC: NCLEX: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
- A patient is taking valerian, or “herbal valium,” to induce sleep. What will the nurse teach this patient about this herb?
| a. |
Habituation and addiction are likely. |
| b. |
Hangover effects are common with usual doses. |
| c. |
Liver function tests must be monitored with long-term use. |
| d. |
Valerian has a high risk for overdose. |
ANS: C
Liver function tests must be monitored with long-term use, and valerian should be discontinued if these are elevated. Habituation and addiction are rare. Hangover effects occur with high doses. There is no increased risk for overdose.
|
Chapter 01: Drug Definitions, Standards, and Information Sources
Willihnganz: Clayton’s Basic Pharmacology for Nurses, 18th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1.What is the name under which a drug is listed by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)?
| a. |
Brand |
| b. |
Nonproprietary |
| c. |
Official |
| d. |
Trademark |
ANS: C
The official name is the name under which a drug is listed by the FDA. The brand name, or trademark, is the name given to a drug by its manufacturer. The nonproprietary, or generic, name is provided by the United States Adopted Names Council
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 OBJ: 1
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe, Effective Care Environment
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment CON: Patient Education
- Which source contains information specific to nutritional supplements?
| a. |
USP Dictionary of USAN & International Drug Names |
| b. |
Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database |
| c. |
United States Pharmacopoeia/National Formulary (USP NF) |
| d. |
Drug Interaction Facts |
ANS: C
United States Pharmacopoeia/National Formulary contains information specific to nutritional supplements. USP Dictionary of USAN & International Drug Names is a compilation of drug names, pronunciation guide, and possible future FDA approved drugs; it does not include nutritional supplements. Natural Medicines Comprehensive Database contains evidence-based information on herbal medicines and herbal combination products; it does not include information specific to nutritional supplements. Drug Interaction Facts contains comprehensive information on drug interaction facts; it does not include nutritional supplements.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 2 | p. 3 OBJ: 3
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment CON: Nutrition | Patient Education
3.What is the most comprehensive reference available to research a drug interaction?
| a. |
Drug Facts and Comparisons |
| b. |
Drug Interaction Facts |
| c. |
Handbook on Injectable Drugs |
| d. |
Martindale—The Complete Drug Reference |
ANS: B
First published in 1983, Drug Interaction Facts is the most comprehensive book available on drug interactions. In addition to monographs listing various aspects of drug interactions, this information is reviewed and updated by an internationally renowned group of physicians and pharmacists with clinical and scientific expertise.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 4 OBJ: 3
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment CON: Safety | Patient Education | Clinical Judgment
4.The physician has written an order for a drug with which the nurse is unfamiliar. Which section of the Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR) is most helpful to get information about this drug?
| a. |
Manufacturer’s section |
| b. |
Brand and Generic name section |
| c. |
Product category section |
| d. |
Product information section |
ANS: B
A physician’s order would include the brand and/or generic name of the drug. The alphabetic index in the PDR would make this section the most user-friendly. Based on a physician’s order, manufacturer’s information and classification information would not be known. The Manufacturer’s section is a roster of manufacturers. The product category section lists products subdivided by therapeutic classes, such as analgesics, laxatives, oxytocics, and antibiotics. The product information section contains reprints of the package inserts for the major products of manufacturers.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 4 OBJ: 3
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Planning CON: Safety | Patient Education | Clinical Judgment
5.Which online drug reference makes available to healthcare providers and the public a standard, comprehensive, up-to-date look up and downloadable resource about medicines?
| a. |
American Drug Index |
| b. |
American Hospital Formulary |
| c. |
DailyMed |
| d. |
Physicians’ Desk Reference (PDR) |
ANS: C
DailyMed makes available to healthcare providers and the public a standard, comprehensive, up-to-date look up and downloadable resource about medicines. The American Drug Index is not appropriate for patient use. The American Hospital Formulary is not appropriate for patient use. The PDR is not appropriate for patient use.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 3 | p. 5 OBJ: 4
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Implementation
CON: Safety | Patient Education | Clinical Judgment
6.Which legislation authorizes the FDA to determine the safety of a drug before its marketing?
| a. |
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (1938) |
| b. |
Durham Humphrey Amendment (1952) |
| c. |
Controlled Substances Act (1970) |
| d. |
Kefauver Harris Drug Amendment (1962) |
ANS: A
The Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act of 1938 authorized the FDA to determine the safety of all drugs before marketing. Later amendments and acts helped tighten FDA control and ensure drug safety. The Durham Humphrey Amendment defines the kinds of drugs that cannot be used safely without medical supervision and restricts their sale to prescription by a licensed practitioner. The Controlled Substances Act addresses only controlled substances and their categorization. The Kefauver Harris Drug Amendment ensures drug efficacy and greater drug safety. Drug manufacturers are required to prove to the FDA the effectiveness of their products before marketing them.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: p. 5 OBJ: 6
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Physiological Integrity
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment
CON: Safety | Patient Education | Evidence | Health Care Law
7.Meperidine (Demerol) is a narcotic with a high potential for physical and psychological dependency. Under which classification does this drug fall?
ANS: B
Meperidine (Demerol) is a Schedule II drug; it has a high potential for abuse and may lead to severe psychological and physical dependence. Schedule I drugs have high potential for abuse and no recognized medical use. Schedule III drugs have some potential for abuse. Use may lead to low to moderate physical dependence or high psychological dependence. Schedule IV drugs have low potential for abuse. Use may lead to limited physical or psychological dependence.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: p. 5 OBJ: 2
NAT: NCLEX Client Needs Category: Safe, Effective Care Environment
TOP: Nursing Process Step: Assessment CON: Patient Education | Addiction | Pain
8:What would the FDA do to expedite drug development and approval for an outbreak of smallpox, for which there is no known treatment?
| a. |
List smallpox as a health orphan disease. |
| b. |
Omit the preclinical research phase. |
| c. |
Extend the clinical research phase. |
| d. |
Fast track the investigational drug. |
ANS: D | Test Bank for Pharmacology 7th Edition by Hitner
Chapter 01
Multiple Choice Questions
- Pharmacokinetics is the area of pharmacology that deals with the study of:
A. the processes of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
B. the action of drugs on living tissue.
C. the use of drugs in treating disease.
D. the harmful effects of drugs on living tissue.
Pharmacokinetics is the area of pharmacology that deals with the study of the processes of drug absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion.
ABHES: 6.a. Identify drug classification, usual dose, side effects, and contraindications of the top most commonly used medications
Blooms: Remember
CAAHEP: I.C.11.a. Identify the classifications of medications including indications for use
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Outcome: 01.01
- Which of the following is an example of a drug derived from a plant?
A. Insulin
B. Digitalis
C. Cephalosporin
D. Estradiol
Examples of drugs derived from plants that are still widely used today include the analgesics morphine and codeine, which were obtained from the poppy plant (Papver somniferum); the heart drug digitalis, which was obtained from the purple foxglove (Digitalis purpurea); and the antimalarial drug quinine, which was obtained from the bark of the cinchona tree.
ABHES: 6.a. Identify drug classification, usual dose, side effects, and contraindications of the top most commonly used medications
Blooms: Remember
CAAHEP: I.C.11.a. Identify the classifications of medications including indications for use
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Outcome: 01.01
- Today, new drugs are mainly derived from:
A. chemical synthesis.
B. animals.
C. plants.
D. enzymatic synthesis.
Despite the many examples of drugs obtained from plants and living organisms, the main source of new drugs today is from chemical synthesis.
ABHES: 6.a. Identify drug classification, usual dose, side effects, and contraindications of the top most commonly used medications
Blooms: Remember
CAAHEP: I.C.11.a. Identify the classifications of medications including indications for use
Difficulty: 1 Easy
Learning Outcome: 01.01
- Which of the following statements is true of toxicity?
A. Toxic effects refer to those effects triggered by drugs that are undesirable but not harmful.
B. The toxic effects of a drug can be life-threatening.
C. The toxic effects of a drug can be controlled by increasing the dosage of the drug.
D. Patients are often advised to tolerate the toxicity of a drug in order to benefit from the drug's therapeutic actions.
Toxic effects, or toxicity, implies drug poisoning, the consequences of which can be extremely harmful and may be life-threatening.
ABHES: 6.d. Properly utilize Physician’s Desk Reference (PDR), drug handbook and other drug references to identify a drug’s classification, usual dosage, usual side effects, and contraindications.
Blooms: Understand
CAAHEP: I.C.11.a. Identify the classifications of medications including indications for use
Difficulty: 2 Medium
Learning Outcome: 01.02
- Which of the following statements is true of a drug?
A. The effects produced by a drug are always desirable.
B. The properties of a drug do not influence the effects it produces.
C. A drug does not produce more than one effect.
D. A pure drug is a chemical compound with a specific chemical structure.
Every pure drug is a chemical compound with a specific chemical structure | Test Bank for Lewis’s Medical-Surgical Nursing 5th Australian Edition Brown
Chapter 01: The importance of nursing
Brown: Lewis's Medical-Surgical Nursing, 5th Edition
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. The nurse completes an admission database and explains that the plan of care and discharge goals will be developed with the patient’s input. The patient states, “How is this different from
what the doctor does?” Which response would be most appropriate for the nurse to make?
a. “The role of the nurse is to administer medications and other treatments prescribed
by your doctor.”
b. “The nurse’s job is to help the doctor by collecting information and
communicating any problems that occur.”
c. “Nurses perform many of the same procedures as the doctor, but nurses are with
the patients for a longer time than the doctor.”
d. “In addition to caring for you while you are sick, the nurses will assist you to
develop an individualized plan to maintain your health.”
ANS: D
This response is consistent with the American Nurses Association (ANA) definition of
nursing, which describes the role of nurses in promoting health. The other responses describe
some of the dependent and collaborative functions of the nursing role but do not accurately
describe the nurse’s role in the health care system.
2. The nurse describes to a student nurse how to use evidence-based practice guidelines when
caring for patients. Which statement, if made by the nurse, would be the most accurate?
a. “Inferences from clinical research studies are used as a guide.”
b. “Patient care is based on clinical judgment, experience, and traditions.”
c. “Data are evaluated to show that the patient outcomes are consistently met.”
d. “Recommendations are based on research, clinical expertise, and patient
preferences.”
ANS: D
Evidence-based practice (EBP) is the use of the best research-based evidence combined with
clinician expertise. Clinical judgment based on the nurse’s clinical experience is part of EBP,
but clinical decision making should also incorporate current research and research-based
guidelines. Evaluation of patient outcomes is important, but interventions should be based on
research from randomized control studies with a large number of subjects.
3. The nurse teaches a student nurse about how to apply the nursing process when providing
patient care. Which statement, if made by the student nurse, indicates that teaching was
successful?
a. “The nursing process is a scientific-based method of diagnosing the patient’s
health care problems.”
b. “The nursing process is a problem-solving tool used to identify and treat patients’
health care needs.”
c. “The nursing process is used primarily to explain nursing interventions to other
health care professionals.”
d. “The nursing process is based on nursing theory that incorporates the
TEST BANK FOR LEWIS'S MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING 5TH EDITION BY BROWN
biopsychosocial nature of humans.”
ANS: B
The nursing process is a problem-solving approach to the identification and treatment of
patients’ problems. Diagnosis is only one phase of the nursing process. The primary use of the
nursing process is in patient care, not to establish nursing theory or explain nursing
interventions to other health care professionals.
4. A patient has been admitted to the hospital for surgery and tells the nurse, “I do not feel
comfortable leaving my children with my parents.” Which action should the nurse take next?
a. Reassure the patient that these feelings are common for parents.
b. Have the patient call the children to ensure that they are doing well.
c. Gather more data about the patient’s feelings about the child-care arrangements.
d. Call the patient’s parents to determine whether adequate child care is being
provided.
ANS: C
Because a complete assessment is necessary in order to identify a problem and choose an
appropriate intervention, the nurse’s first action should be to obtain more information. The
other actions may be appropriate, but more assessment is needed before the best intervention
can be chosen.
5. A patient who is paralyzed on the left side of the body after a stroke develops a pressure ulcer
on the left hip. Which nursing diagnosis is most appropriate?
a. Impaired physical mobility related to left-sided paralysis
b. Risk for impaired tissue integrity related to left-sided weakness
c. Impaired skin integrity related to altered circulation and pressure
d. Ineffective tissue perfusion related to inability to move independently
ANS: C
The patient’s major problem is the impaired skin integrity as demonstrated by the presence of
a pressure ulcer. The nurse is able to treat the cause of altered circulation and pressure by
frequently repositioning the patient. Although left-sided weakness is a problem for the patient,
the nurse cannot treat the weakness. The “risk for” diagnosis is not appropriate for this patient,
who already has impaired tissue integrity. The patient does have ineffective tissue perfusion,
but the impaired skin integrity diagnosis indicates more clearly what the health problem is.
6. A patient with a bacterial infection has a nursing diagnosis of deficient fluid volume related to
excessive diaphoresis. Which outcome would the nurse recognize as appropriate for this
patient?
a. Patient has a balanced intake and output.
b. Patient’s bedding is changed when it becomes damp.
c. Patient understands the need for increased fluid intake.
d. Patient’s skin remains cool and dry throughout hospitalization.
ANS: A
This statement gives measurable data showing resolution of the problem of deficient fluid
volume that was identified in the nursing diagnosis statement. The other statements would not
indicate that the problem of deficient fluid volume was resolved.
TEST BANK FOR LEWIS'S MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING 5TH EDITION BY BROWN
NURSINGTB.COMN U R S I N G T B . C O M
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7. A nurse asks the patient if pain was relieved after receiving medication. What is the purpose
of the evaluation phase of the nursing process?
a. To determine if interventions have been effective in meeting patient outcomes
b. To document the nursing care plan in the progress notes of the medical record
c. To decide whether the patient’s health problems have been completely resolved
d. To establish if the patient agrees that the nursing care provided was satisfactory
ANS: A
Evaluation consists of determining whether the desired patient outcomes have been met and
whether the nursing interventions were appropriate. The other responses do not describe the
evaluation phase.
8. The nurse interviews a patient while completing the health history and physical examination.
What is the purpose of the assessment phase of the nursing process?
a. To teach interventions that relieve health problems
b. To use patient data to evaluate patient care outcomes
c. To obtain data with which to diagnose patient problems
d. To help the patient identify realistic outcomes for health problems
ANS: C
During the assessment phase, the nurse gathers information about the patient to diagnose
patient problems. The other responses are examples of the planning, intervention, and
evaluation phases of the nursing process.
9. Which nursing diagnosis statement is written correctly?
a. Altered tissue perfusion related to heart failure
b. Risk for impaired tissue integrity related to sacral redness
c. Ineffective coping related to response to biopsy test results
d. Altered urinary elimination related to urinary tract infection
ANS: C
This diagnosis statement includes a NANDA nursing diagnosis and an etiology that describes
a patient’s response to a health problem that can be treated by nursing. The use of a medical
diagnosis as an etiology (as in the responses beginning “Altered tissue perfusion” and
“Altered urinary elimination”) is not appropriate. The response beginning “Risk for impaired
tissue integrity” uses the defining characteristic as the etiology.
10. The nurse admits a patient to the hospital and develops a plan of care. What components
should the nurse include in the nursing diagnosis statement?
a. The problem and the suggested patient goals or outcomes
b. The problem with possible causes and the planned interventions
c. The problem, its cause, and objective data that support the problem
d. The problem with an etiology and the signs and symptoms of the problem
ANS: D
When writing nursing diagnoses, this format should be used: problem, etiology, and signs and
symptoms. The subjective, as well as objective, data should be included in the defining
characteristics. Interventions and outcomes are not included in the nursing diagnosis
statement.
TEST BANK FOR LEWIS'S MEDICAL SURGICAL NURSING 5TH EDITION BY BROWN
11. A nurse is caring for a patient with heart failure. Which task is appropriate for the nurse to
delegate to experienced unlicensed assistive personnel (UAP)?
a. Monitor for shortness of breath or fatigue after ambulation.
b. Instruct the patient about the need to alternate activity and rest.
c. Obtain the patient’s blood pressure and pulse rate after ambulation.
d. Determine whether the patient is ready to increase the activity level.
ANS: C
UAP education includes accurate vital sign measurement. Assessment and patient teaching
require registered nurse education and scope of practice and cannot be delegated | Test Bank for Pharmacology for Nurses 6th Edition by Adams
ISBN-10: 0135218330, ISBN-13: 9780135218334
Pharmacology for Nurses, 6e (Adams)
Chapter 1 Introduction to Pharmacology
- A nurse is reviewing key events in the history of pharmacology with a student nurse. Which student comment indicates an understanding?
- "Early researchers used themselves as test subjects."
- "A primary goal of pharmacology is to prevent disease."
- "Penicillin is one of the initial drugs isolated from a natural source."
- "Pharmacologists began synthesizing drugs in the laboratory in the nineteenth century."
Answer: 1
Explanation:
- Some early researchers, like Friedrich Serturner, used themselves as test subjects.
- An early goal of pharmacology was to relieve human suffering.
- Initial drugs isolated from complex mixtures included morphine, colchicine, curare, and cocaine, but not penicillin.
- By the twentieth century, pharmacologists could synthesize drugs in the laboratory.
Page Ref: 3
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Standards: QSEN Competencies: I.A.1 Integrate understanding of multiple dimensions of patient-centered care: patient/family/community preferences, values; coordination and integration of care; information, communication, and education; physical comfort and emotional support; involvement of family and friends; and transition and continuity. | AACN Essential Competencies: I.7 Integrate the knowledge and methods of a variety of disciplines to inform decision making. | NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines. | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Evaluation
Learning Outcome: 1-1 Identify key events in the history of pharmacology.
MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1 Examine the relationship between medicine and pharmacology.
- A student nurse asks a nursing instructor why anatomy and physiology as well as microbiology are required courses when the student only wants to learn about pharmacology. What is the best response by the instructor?
- "Because pharmacology is an outgrowth of those subjects."
- "You must learn all, since all of those subjects are part of the curriculum."
- "Knowledge of all those subjects will prepare you to administer medication."
- "An understanding of those subjects is essential to understand pharmacology."
Answer: 4
Explanation:
- Pharmacology is an outgrowth of anatomy, physiology, and microbiology, but this is not the most essential reason for the nurse to learn them.
- The nurse must learn anatomy, physiology, and microbiology to understand pharmacology, not because they are part of the curriculum.
- Knowledge of anatomy, physiology, and microbiology prepares the nurse to understand pharmacology, not to provide care such as administration of medications.
- It is essential for the nurse to have a broad knowledge base of many sciences in order to learn pharmacology.
Page Ref: 3
Cognitive Level: Applying
Client Need/Sub: Physiological Integrity: Pharmacological and Parenteral Therapies
Standards: QSEN Competencies: I.A.1 Integrate understanding of multiple dimensions of patient-centered care: patient/family/community preferences, values; coordination and integration of care; information, communication, and education; physical comfort and emotional support; involvement of family and friends; and transition and continuity. | AACN Essential Competencies: I.7 Integrate the knowledge and methods of a variety of disciplines to inform decision making. | NLN Competencies: Knowledge and Science: Integration of knowledge from nursing and other disciplines. | Nursing/Integrated Concepts: Nursing Process: Implementation
Learning Outcome: 1-2 Explain the interdisciplinary nature of pharmacology, giving an example of how knowledge from different sciences impacts the nurse's role in drug administration.
MNL Learning Outcome: 1.1 Examine the relationship between medicine and pharmacology.
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